ملخصات اللغة الإنجليزية المتقدمة توجيهي الأردن

4A Grammar: Continuous and perfect tenses

Grammar, Continuous and perfect tenses: Continuous tenses

• We use the Future Continuous:
• A: Why isn’t she back yet?
• She’ll have got stuck in traffic.
• She’ll be sitting in a traffic jam.

5A Reading and Vocabulary: Does language change how you see the world?

READING AND VOCABULARY

• 11 and discuss the questions.
• 7 with paragraphs A–D. Each paragraph may be chosen more than once.

2A Reading and Vocabulary: Lost words on the metro

READING AND VOCABULARY

• 2

3A Grammar: Inversion and cleft sentences

Grammar, Inversion and cleft sentences

• Being away from home annoys me when I’m travelling. (being away from home = subject)
• I didn’t enjoy the journey on the crowded train. (the journey on the crowded train = object)
• People began to scream.

Life Skills: How to make a good decision

THE TRIP OF MY DREAMS?

• 02

1A Vocabulary and Speaking: Business-related vocabulary, compound nouns, phrasal verbs

Decision words the page does not define

• Another trap is the sunk-cost fallacy.

2A Listening and Vocabulary: A discussion about psychological techniques for persuading people

Twelve definitions to match

• Good value for money.
• Extremely cheap.
• Specially made for a particular person.

3A Speaking: Negotiating

How the book says to paraphrase

• disadvantages
• reason
• I would argue that

4A Reading and Vocabulary: Behavioural Economics and your daily life

HOW TO APPLY BEHAVIOURAL ECONOMICS TO YOUR DAILY LIFE

• 9

5A Grammar: The Passive

Grammar, The Passive

• Past Simple, The first fully electric vehicle was developed in 2013. The participants were shown photos of themselves.
• We use the Passive when:
• we don’t want to start the sentence with a long complex subject: The amount of CO2 in the atmosphere was further reduced by storing the gas in carbon ‘sinks’ in abandoned mines deep underground. (The agent, underlined here, would be a very long and clumsy subject to begin a sentence with.)
• His leg got broken when he was skiing.

2A Grammar: Modal and related verbs

-…

Grammar, Modal and related verbs

• They are supposed to be free.
• Her friend wouldn’t even text her.
• The police managed to find the criminal.
• He succeeded in persuading her to help.

2A Reading and Vocabulary: Put On a Brave Face! Or … Should We?

ACTIVE READING |

• 3

3A Grammar: Reporting verbs and verb patterns

Grammar, Reporting verbs and impersonal reporting structures: Reporting verbs and their patterns

• Verb + (that) + reported statement:
• He predicted there would be a crisis.
• He told me his brother had lost his job.
• Verb + (not) to infinitive:
• Verb + object + (not) to infinitive:
• He encouraged me to buy his book.

Life Skills: Developing resilience

LIFE SKILLS |Developing resilience

• 06

2A Grammar: Relative clauses; prepositional relative phrases

Grammar, Relative clauses

• Edward Hopper was a painter. He painted Nighthawks. → Edward Hopper was a painter who/that painted Nighthawks.
• Nighthawks is a painting by Edward Hopper. I love it. → Nighthawks is a painting by Edward Hopper (which/that) I love.
• We use which (NOT that) for things.
• Very often we drop the relative pronoun.
• I’ll do whatever you want me to do. = I’ll do anything that you want me to do.
• The man who sits next to Elliot is my father’s friend. = The man sitting next to Elliot is my father’s friend.

5A Grammar: Articles

Grammar, Articles: The indefinite article – a/an

• The book is about …
• We also use the with:
• decades, centuries: in the 1970s; in the 21st century

2A Grammar: Uses of will; will vs would

Grammar, Uses of will and would: Uses of will

• We use will to talk about:
• certainty:
• deductions:
• A: Why aren’t they here yet?
• They’ll have got stuck in traffic.
• They will be sitting in a traffic jam.

1A Vocabulary and Speaking: Work-life balance idioms and collocations

ACTIVE VOCABULARY | Register

• 8 and discuss their possible meaning. Then listen and check.

2A Grammar: Gerunds and infinitives

Grammar, Gerunds and infinitives: Gerunds

• We use the gerund after:
• We use the infinitive without to after:
• like + gerund: to enjoy something:
• propose + gerund: suggest a plan:
• I honestly regret lying to you.
• I remember locking the door.

3A Reading and Vocabulary: Dreams shape your future

LESSON 3A READING AND VOCABULARY

• 5
• 3 ballerina 18.6% classical musician 14.3% doctor 11.4%
• 7 astronaut 9.8% veterinarian 9.8% doctor 7.5%
• 11 scientist 13.7% veterinarian 9.8% artist 7.8%
• 14 doctor 10.6% engineer 10.6% scientist 9.1%
• 17 engineer 12.5% teacher 10.7% actor 7.1%

Life Skills: How to develop leadership skills

FIVE SIGNS YOU’RE A RELUCTANT

• 1001

Literature Spot: Great Expectations

LITERATURE SPOT

• 6 are true (T) or false (F).