Progress test 1 Units 1 3

PROGRESS TEST 1 (UNITS 1–3)

Reading 1

1 Read the text about film industries around the world. Match the titles with the correct paragraphs. (There is one more title than you need.)

A An important provider of jobs paragraph

B A common idea, but wrong paragraph

C National industries encouraged by law paragraph

D Small but strong paragraph

E Why Hollywood is so successful paragraph

F Much more than the rest paragraph

2 Decide whether the statements are TRUE or FALSE.

1. It is easy to say which country has the biggest film industry. TRUE FALSE
2. Film production in India is spread around the country. TRUE FALSE
3. Until quite recently, the Japanese film industry was the second most profitable in the world. TRUE FALSE
4. Films are more expensive to make than they used to be. TRUE FALSE

5 Many countries in the world have successful film industries. TRUE FALSE

1. What is the world’s biggest film industry? Most people would probably guess that it’s the United States, particularly Hollywood. Globalisation, the argument goes, has allowed the large American film companies, with the vast amounts of money they have available, to spread all over the world, killing off local film industries. In fact, film industries around the world are far from dead or dying, and the real picture is quite different.
2. The answer to the question depends partly on how you define the term ‘biggest film industry’, but of the several answers available, some would surprise a lot of people. In terms of the number of films being made, there is unquestionably one clear winner: in 2011, India created over ⁦1,000 feature⁩ films and ⁦1,500 short⁩ films, a far greater number than any other country. Most people have heard of Bollywood, the name made up because the centre of film production was Bombay (now called Mumbai), but in fact the industry covers nine different regions producing their own films in sixteen different languages.
3. The country that makes the second highest number of films is not America but Nigeria in West Africa, which produces nearly ⁦50 films⁩ every week. Nigerian films have been made since the ⁦1960s⁩, but the growth of cheaper digital technology has transformed it into the second biggest employer in the country after the government.
4. If the question is judged in terms of the amount of money made, however, the USA does come out on top, followed by China, which overtook Japan in 2013. One reason is of course the huge audience, plus the fact that the Chinese government has put a limit of ⁦20 per⁩ year on the number of new foreign films that can be shown. The Korean government has a similar approach, ordering that at least 40% of films shown have to be Korean-made.
5. Local film industries, in fact, are growing all over the world, from Iran to South America and from Palestine to Vietnam. They may not be as large as, say, Nigeria, but the same cheaper film-making technology now available makes it possible for them to keep going and do well. It seems that many people have underestimated the power of local film industries to fight back against the globalisation of film entertainment.

3 Choose the correct meaning of the underlined words and phrases. Circle A or B.

1. ‘… killing off local film industries. In fact, film industries around the world …’

A The sentence before was correct, but the following idea is more realistic.

B The idea in the sentence before is wrong. The following is correct.

2. ‘… film industries around the world are far from dead or dying …’

A not at all   B a long distance

3. ‘… the growth of cheaper digital technology has transformed it into the second biggest employer …’

A moved it to   B made it

4. ‘If the question is judged in terms of the amount of money made, however, the USA does come out on top.’ The question the writer is referring to is:

A Which country produces the most films?   B Which country has the biggest film industry?

5. Many people have underestimated the power of local film industries.

A guessed too low   B understood

15 marks

Reading 2

1 Read the text. Then choose the best way to continue the sentences on page 54. Circle A or B.

Listening to music from cultures that aren’t your own is not, of course, new, or even recent. In fact, for as long as anyone can remember, local or national music styles have been changing as a result of contact with other cultures. You only need to think about the lute, an instrument that over ⁦500 years⁩ ago was the most popular one in Europe, and is still widely played today in many different types of music. It is clear that the name is related to the Arabic al oud and that it came to Europe from the Middle East, along with the way of playing it. This is just one example from many of the musical mixing that has continued for centuries.

It wasn’t until the ⁦1980s⁩, though, that the term ‘world music’ began to be used regularly. This is not surprising, as this was when advances in communications technology were helping culture in general to become more and more globalised. The title was made popular by a group of music industry professionals in England who shared an enthusiasm for folk or traditional music from around the world. Their aim at first was to find a way of marketing this music to audiences in Europe and North America, as one of them, Jan Iverson, explained later: ‘Music shops at the time either didn’t sell music from other countries, or if they did, they didn’t know where to put it. We literally gave them a label to put it under.’

Almost immediately, there were arguments about what the title meant. Defining it as music from anywhere in the world was clearly meaningless, so to some it came to mean traditional music from areas outside Europe and the USA. Others thought this was too limited because it didn’t include modern or popular music from these areas. There were also those who argued that the title itself had negative connotations, and that the whole movement was an excuse for rich countries to ‘steal’ the culture of others. But, according to Iverson, none of this matters: ‘None of us had any intention of stealing anything. The popularity of world music, whatever it is and whatever you want to call it, meant that audiences had a chance to listen to exciting things they hadn’t heard before. And it gave the musicians a chance to play to big audiences around the world and make more money than they could ever have done if they’d stayed at home. So everyone was a winner.’

1. The mixing of musical styles

A is quite a recent idea for most people.

B has been happening for many centuries.

C began when the lute became a popular instrument.

2. At first, using the title ‘world music’ was intended to be

A a way of getting people to hear the music.

B a definition of a particular musical style.

C a business idea to make money.

3. According to the writer, the term ‘world music’

A obviously has very little meaning.

B is defined differently by different people.

C refers mainly to traditional or folk music.

4. Jan Iverson thinks that the popularity of world music has

A made most traditional musicians richer.

B benefited both listeners and musicians.

C shown the advantages of globalisation.

2 What do these words, highlighted in the text, refer to?

1. one (line 3)
2. them (line 11)
3. they (line 22)

3 Complete the sentences with words or phrases from the text.

1. The lute is an instrument whose name is ___ an Arabic word.
2. World music was just part of the increasingly ___ culture in the ⁦1980s⁩.
3. Some people didn’t like the ___ of the term ‘world music’.

10 marks

Vocabulary

1 Complete the sentences with the words in the box.

process underestimate implication symbol individual gratitude raw linked coincide favour

1. I am writing to express my ___ for all the help you gave me.
2. In my country, this bird is a ___ of hope for the future.
3. People are moving away from laptops in ___ of tablets and smartphones.
4. We planned it so that the party would ___ with a public holiday.
5. At first I didn’t understand the ___ of what he was saying.
6. Problems can happen at any stage in the production ___ .
7. A group has a better chance of success than one lone ___ .
8. It’s a poor country, but it has a lot of ___ materials.
9. They are two separate countries, but ___ by a shared language and culture.
10. Our big mistake was to ___ how good the other team really was.

2 Complete the sentences with the phrases in the box.

cut off grow out of stick to in commemoration of coincide with

1. He wrote a poem ___ the special occasion.
2. It’s easy to make resolutions, but much harder to ___ them.
3. They were from the rest of the group by the rising river.
4. Don’t worry about your son’s habits; he’ll soon ___ them.
5. The fireworks are timed to ___ the end of the show.

Writing

1. Write an essay.

You have recently decided to take up a new hobby or learn a new skill and you have joined a club or group of people who are doing the same thing. Write about:

• why you chose your new activity
• what the benefits are of doing it with other people
• what the other people in the group are like

Literature

1 Answer the questions.

1. What families do Romeo and Juliet belong to?
2. How does the Prince say the family members will be punished if they fight in future?
3. Where do Romeo and Juliet first meet?
4. When Juliet says that ‘a rose would still smell as sweet, if it were called something different’, what is she saying about names?

2 Explain the argument between Tybalt and Lord Capulet at the party.

3. Complete the summary of Romeo and Juliet’s second meeting. Use one word to fill each gap.

Romeo offers to give up his (1) _ because he now hates it. Juliet is worried that Romeo will think she has fallen in love too (2) , but says she can’t (3) her feelings like some other women. At the end, they (4) to get married and Juliet says she will send a (5) __ the next day to arrange the time and place.

15. marks