Language and vocabulary study

1 Look at the examples. Then complete the grammar rules. 2 Match what the people say 1–6 with the responses a–f. 1 I thought it was the right thing to do at the time. 2 I wish you hadn’t told him what I said. 3 It’s colder than I expected. 4 I think he’ll regret not going to university. 5 I wish I hadn’t spent so much time on this work. 6 The post office is closed. We’ve walked all this way for nothing. 3 Look at the situations below. Then write a sentence for each, using wish or regret. Examples: He had a chance to pass the ball, but didn’t do it. He wishes he’d passed / He regrets not passing the ball when he had the chance. 1 He didn’t listen to his father’s advice. He wishes _ . 2 I ate a lot of food before going to bed. I regret so much . 3 I was very lazy when I was younger. I wish . 4 They didn’t buy a new defender last season. They regret . 5 She bought a lot of expensive clothes. She wishes _ . a I know. I wish we’d brought our coats. b Don’t worry. I’m sure it’ll be worth it in the end. c Not if he makes a lot of money as a football star. d Oh dear. I wish we’d checked before we came. e Why? I didn’t know it was a secret. f Maybe, but you regret doing it now, don’t you?

Examples The manager told me not to try and reach impossible balls, but I didn’t listen and got injured. I wish I’d listened to his advice. We lost the match because we were overconfident. I wish we hadn’t been so confident. The player was very expensive, but he’s only scored one goal in twenty matches. They regret paying so much for him. He didn’t work very hard at school and failed his exams. He regrets not working harder.

Complete the grammar rules

1 To talk about things we did wrong in the past, we can use the verb wish + the _ tense. 2 We can use the verb regret + the form to express the same idea. 3 To make negative sentences with wish and regret, we add the word not __ the second verb.

4 Look at the examples. Then answer the questions.

Example

The referee made two mistakes: he should have sent the City captain off in the first half, but he shouldn’t have sent the United defender off in the second half.

Complete the grammar rule

To criticise someone’s (or your own) past actions or decisions, we use should (not) + the infinitive form of the verb ___ + the of the main verb. 1 What meaning does the prefix over add to the word paid in the first sentence?

A above B too much C very well

2 What meaning does under add as a prefix in the second sentence?

A badly B below C not enough

5 Complete the sentences using the words in the box to make other words beginning with over.

charge work confident rated cook

1 Don’t buy tickets from strangers outside the stadium. They often _ you. 2 Don’t be . You never know when something might go wrong. 3 I don’t think they’re as good as people say. They’re . 4 If you the meat, it will be hard to eat. 5 When people __ , they may get very tired. 6 Now write new sentences with the same words, but this time using under to give the opposite meanings. Example: He’s angry because he thinks he’s underpaid for the work he does.

Examples I think football players are overpaid. A nurse’s work is hard and useful, but their salaries are low. I think they’re underpaid. 1 Look at the example. Then complete the grammar rule.

Looking back on his career, Mark can see he made a lot of mistakes. He was good at sport, especially basketball, but he chose to play football because he thought he could make more money. ‘Basically,’ he says, ‘I was greedy, and I didn’t listen to other people’s advice.’ When he was at school, he spent a lot of time playing sport instead of studying. He left school early to try and become a professional footballer, and didn’t go to university. He played for a small team in his home town and was happy there, but left to join a bigger club in the city. It wasn’t a successful move, though. ‘I was overconfident and didn’t try hard enough to get on with the manager and the other players, so I was never popular.’ Then, in a training match, he jumped to reach a high ball. ‘It was too high really,’ he explains, ‘a long way over my head. I landed badly and broke my shoulder.’ He never recovered, and hasn’t played professional football since that day. 5 10

Period 4 / Language and vocabulary study 2 Complete the sentences using should / shouldn’t have + the past participle of the verbs in brackets. 1 I knew he’d forget about the meeting. I ___ him. (remind)

2 I ___ so long. Now I’ve missed the last bus. (stay)

3 You _ me for the money instead of borrowing it from the bank. (ask) 4 I know she was angry, but she still at me. (shout) 5 Look at all this traffic. I knew we __ this way. (come)

6 It’s getting dark. We ___ half an hour ago. (leave)

3 Read about Mark’s football career. Then write sentences about what he should or shouldn’t have done. Read aloud some of your sentences. 4 Discuss the questions in pairs or small groups. 1 Are there any times in your life when you made the wrong decision? Tell your partners using I wish I had / hadn’t … and I regret + -ing. 2 What should you have done instead?

shouldn’t have, the word should has a strong stress. All the words in the phrase are joined together, and have is pronounced like the e in ‘broken’, not like the a in ‘man’.

I regret buying this mobile phone because it doesn’t work very well. I wish I’d paid more attention in class when I was younger.

I should’ve done more research before I bought it. Example: He should have chosen basketball.